Syllabus of courses
Optical fibers: multi and single-mode, structures and
types, propagation and parameters, windows, spectral attenuation, dispersion
(multimode, guide, material, polarization). Standard, dispersion-shifted,
flattened, and NZD fibers. HiBi and spun fibers. Optical fiber components:
couplers, polarizers/retarders, isolators, circulators, filters, AWGs,
Bragg gratings. All-fiber vs. m-optics
and integrated optics technologies, lithium niobate, silica on silicon.
Sources and detectors for TLC: LED/lasers, pin/APD's.
FP and DFB lasers. Pigtailing of lasers. Design and performances of front-ends
for photodetectors. Design of point-to-point communication links. The electrical
repeater (RX/TX). Design of PON for MAN/LANs.
Optical amplifiers. EDFA: dopes fibers, pump-diode
lasers, small-signal gain, saturation, and noise analysis. SOAs. Cascading
amplifiers and fibers (all-optical regeneration). DWDM techniques. Solitons.
Measurements on fibers and optoelectronic components.
Textbooks: "Photodetectors" by S.Donati, Prentice-Hall
1999; lecture
notebooks: "Optical Fibers" by S.Donati, CUEP 1997
Testi dei problemi d'esame: Opto
I dom/esame
Student group photos
Optoelectronic
Instrumentation
(2nd semester, 5th year of Engineering curriculum)
Overview. Alignment systems, laser level, pointing
and tracking. Diameter sensors by diffraction. Granulometry. Telemetry
with pulse laser sources and modulated CW sources for topography and geodesy.
Analysis of noise and timing accuracy. Laser interferometry for mechanical
metrology. Profilometry. Injection Interferometry. Vibrometry. Testing
of large structures. Doppler velocimetry. Speckle pattern interferometry
(ESPI).
Optical fiber sensors: intensity, polarization and
interferometric. Strain, temperature, electrical (V/I) and chemical OFS.
The Zeeman gyroscope for avionics and the optical
fiber gyroscope (FOG). Applications to navigation systems and attitude
control.
Textbooks: "Electro-Optical
Instrumentation"
by S.Donati, Prentice Hall 2004
Errata Corrige
Testi dei problemi d'esame: Opto
II dom/esame
Photodetectors
(2nd semester, 5th year of Engineering curriculum)
Detectors. The photodetection processes. Direct and
coherent detection. Spectral sensitivity, threshold of photoemission. Regimes
of thermal- and quantum-limited photodetection. Figures of merit of detectors.
Photocathodes. Photomultipliers: types, biassing, gain and dark current,
the SER response, noise in energy and light-pulse measurements, accuracy
of timing, counting mode. Semiconductor photodiodes: parameters and design.
Junction engineering. Low-noise design of front-end amplifiers for photodiodes.
The APD's: materials, ionization ratio, multiplication gain, bandwidth
and noise analysis.
Other semiconductor photodetectors: photoresistors,
infrared detectors for MIR, FIR and EIR. Responsivity and detectivity.
Thermal detectors with application to thermovision.
Image devices: vidicon, intensified vidicons, CCD's.
Charge transfer and readout organizations; noise Image intensifiers, X-ray
converters, streak cameras. Advanced topics: injection detection, squeezed
state, parametric and QND detection, optically preamplified detection.
Textbooks: "Photodetectors" by S.Donati, Prentice-Hall
1999.
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Testi dei problemi d'esame: Opto
II dom/esame
Student group photos
Electronic
Materials and Technologies
(2nd semester, 3th year of Engineering curriculum)
Passive components: resistances, capacitors and inductances/transformers,
performance and comparison between different types available. Trends: THD
versus SMD devices. Piezoelectric materials, theory of piezoelectricity.
Quartz resonators. Electro- and magneto-strictive devices and transducers.
SAW devices and applications as filters.
Printed circuit boards. Production of laminates.
Double face PCBs with metallized holes, multilayers, volumetric PCBs.
Interconnection techniques: soldering, wave-soldering,
reflow soldering; photoresists. Cold interconnections. Physics of the contact,
resistance vs force and critical temperature.
Hybrid thick-film and thin-film circuits. Patterning
and photolithography. IC technologies, custom and ASICs. Reliability (theory),
failure rate, fits. Parallel and series reliability. Estimate of reliability
from standards data (MIL217C). Packaging of devices. Polymers and ceramic
materials in electronics.
Textbooks: lecture notes on "Electronics Materials
and Technology" by S.Donati and G.Torelli
Electronic
Circuits Design
(Laboratory course, 2nd semester, 4th year of Engineering curriculum)
Laboratory instruments and their use: oscilloscope
multimeter, waveform generator. RC and CR response. Op-Amp characterization
measurements. Elementary circuits with Op-Amps: summer, follower, differentiator/integrator,
clamping, clipping precision rectifier, log-converter.
Logic gates (TTL, CMOS, ECL) and their use. Bistable
multi and counters. Oscillators. Quartz oscillators with BJT and gates.
Multivibrators, mono and multi, with transistors schemes and logic gates.
A/D and D/A converters. High-frequency amplifiers. One circuit designed
by students, built and tested.