Abstract - The present work is focused on approaching the origin, the principles and the course of ac tio n of two new proposals of regional integration in Latin America : the Bolivarian Alternative for the Americas (BAA) and the Southern Community of Nations (SCN), known nowadays like South American Nations Union (UNASUR). The named new proposals of the regional integration in the Latin American subsystem are studied from the perspective of the Autonomy Theory. We identify a kind of specific autonomy in each process of integration. We aim at proving that the BAA would suit the “secessionist autonomy” whereas the latter project, the SCN, could suit the “relational autonomy”.